Faced with this paradox, Crick and other scientists developed a new vision of the genome during the 1970s. Instead of being overwhelmingly packed with coding DNA, the genome was made up mostly of noncoding DNA. 面对这一悖论,克里克和其他科学家在20世纪70年代提出了关于基因组的新观点:基因组并没有塞满编码DNA,事实上,基因组绝大部分是非编码DNA。
Surveying the genome with the best tools at their disposal, they believed that only a small portion of noncoding DNA showed any evidence of having any function. 他们利用手头最好的工具对基因组进行了调查,发现现有证据表明,只有一小部分非编码DNA具有生物学功能。
Gregory believes that while some noncoding DNA is essential, most probably does nothing for us at all, and until recently, most biologists agreed with him. 格雷戈里认为,虽然某些非编码DNA是必不可少的,但大部分很可能没有任何用处。直到最近,大多数生物学家都同意他的意见。
Vogel speculated that a lot of the genome was made up of essential noncoding DNA& possibly operating as something like switches, for example, to turn genes on and off. 于是福格尔推测基因组大部分是由必需的非编码DNA组成&举例来说,它们可能是发挥了类似于开关的作用,管理着基因的活跃与关闭。
The other 98.8 percent is known as noncoding DNA. 其余的98.8%称为非编码DNA。
Noncoding DNA, containing introns, repetitive elements, and potentially active transposable elements, requires effective mechanisms for its long-term silencing. 非编码DNA,包括内含子,重复元件,和潜在激活转座子,其长期的沉默需要有效的机制。
At the same time, the Fourier method based on sliding window is applied to identify the coding and noncoding regions in DNA sequences. Thirdly, the forward algorithm integrated with the Hidden Markov Model of coding regions is applied to predict exons in genes. 同时,给出一种加窗傅立叶变换的方法,可以识别出DNA序列中的编码区和非编码区。然后将基因编码区的隐马尔科夫模型与前向算法相结合,实现了对外显子的识别。